Glossary

Firewall

A firewall is a security device or software designed to monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

It acts as a barrier between a trusted internal network and an untrusted external network, such as the internet, to prevent unauthorised access and protect against cyber threats.

Firewalls can be implemented as:

  • Hardware Firewalls: Dedicated physical devices that protect entire networks by filtering traffic at the network perimeter.
  • Software Firewalls: Programs installed on individual devices or servers that monitor and control traffic based on rules set by the user or administrator.

Firewalls work by examining data packets and allowing or blocking them based on criteria such as IP addresses, port numbers, and protocols. They can also provide features like logging, alerting, and intrusion prevention. Firewalls are essential for safeguarding networks and systems from attacks, unauthorised access, and malicious activities.

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